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certain antiviral and antimicrobial medicines.

iron, vitamin B12 and folate supplements.

There are also some medicines and supplements that affect the results, including: Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia can give a falsely high result and haemolytic anaemia, blood loss, chronic (ongoing) liver disease and chronic kidney disease can give a falsely low HbA1c result. This is known as a haemoglobinopathy, and it can cause falsely high or low HbA1c results. Most of us have type A haemoglobin (HbA, or adult haemoglobin), but some people have a variant form of haemoglobin. There are some things other than diabetes that can affect HbA1c levels. The test is time consuming and some people find that drinking the liquid can make them feel sick. This test also involves having several blood tests over a couple of hours – before and after having to drink a certain volume of sweet liquid. It requires a special diet for 3 days before having the test, and then fasting overnight before the test. A fasting blood sugar level, as the name implies, requires you to fast (not eat food or drink) for a certain period of time before having the blood test.Īn oral glucose tolerance test is another way to diagnose diabetes. This is compared with other tests that can be used in the diagnosis of diabetes. HbA1c is a simple blood test that does not require any fasting or other special preparation beforehand, and can be done at any time of the day. What is the benefit of HbA1c over other diabetes tests? Your doctor will want to talk to you about your current treatments and whether any adjustments need to be made. If your levels are higher than your target range, that means that your blood sugar levels probably have not been well controlled recently. However, some people may have a target HbA1c range that is slightly higher than this. Most doctors would recommend that people with diabetes should aim for this range.

If you have known diabetes and your HbA1c is 6.5 to 7 per cent (48-53 mmol/mol), your blood glucose control over the last few months would be considered to be good. Your doctor will also want to talk with you about your lifestyle, such as your diet and how much physical activity you usually do. A repeat test is often recommended to confirm the result, especially if you have no symptoms. If you are having an HbA1c test to help diagnose diabetes, a result of 6.5 per cent (48 mmol/mol) or higher is diagnostic of diabetes.

What’s a bad HbA1c result?Ībnormal results (which would be higher than the normal range) indicate a possible diagnosis of diabetes or poor control of diabetes. in units of mmol/mol, which is a newer way of measuring and reporting HbA1c results.Ī normal HbA1c result is between 3.5 to 6 per cent (15-42 mmol/mol).Glycosylated haemoglobin can be measured: The test measures the percentage of haemoglobin that is bound to glucose, which reflects the average blood glucose concentration over last few months. The results should be available within 24 hours. There is no need to fast before the test – you can eat and drink as normal. The blood can be taken by your doctor or at a pathology lab. More recently, HbA1c tests have also been approved to be used in the diagnosis of diabetes. HbA1c testing is used in addition to home blood glucose monitoring (which shows day to day blood sugar highs and lows) to help give a picture of whether your diabetes treatment is effective. A raised HbA1c correlates with an increased risk of developing diabetes complications such as diabetic retinopathy.

Why is this test done?ĭoctors usually recommend that people with diabetes have an HbA1c test about every 3-6 months, as it gives an indication of the overall control of blood glucose levels over the previous 8-12 weeks. That’s because once glucose has attached to haemoglobin in a red blood cell, it stays there for the life of the red blood cell, which is around 3 months. The HbA1c level reflects the average blood glucose levels from the last 3 months or so.